Wednesday, November 23, 2011

THEFT OF A NATION BANKERS MANIFESTO of 1892



 This document was written and presented in 1892. It is truly scandalous conspiracies by its own words to subvert the U.S. Constitution, control all aspects of American government and create the imminent collapse of this Nation we are seeing unfold before our eyes today. It has been available to the public eye for decades yet not an utterance of outrage has ever reached the ears of the general public as to its true insidious nature and ultimate current consequences. I guess the old saying is true about leading a horse to water; if he isn’t thirsty you will not make him drink. Hopefully the level of awareness and the will of the people is such now that these words will not only strike a chord but generate ACTION!




Congressman Charles A. Lindbergh, Sr. revealed the Bankers Manifesto of 1892 to the U.S. Congress somewhere between 1907 and 1917.

We (the bankers) must proceed with caution and guard every move made, for the lower order of people are already showing signs of restless commotion. Prudence will therefore show a policy of apparently yielding to the popular will until our plans are so far consummated that we can declare our designs without fear of any organized resistance.

Organizations in the United States should be carefully watched by our trusted men, and we must take immediate steps to control these organizations in our interest or disrupt them.

At the coming Omaha convention to be held July 4, 1892, our men must attend and direct its movement or else there will be set on foot such antagonism to our designs as may require force to overcome.

This at the present time would be premature. We are not yet ready for such a crisis. Capital must protect itself in every possible manner through combination (conspiracy) and legislation.

The courts must be called to our aid, debts must be collected, bonds and mortgages foreclosed as rapidly as possible.

When, through the process of law, the common people have lost their homes, they will be more tractable and easily governed through the influence of the strong arm of the government applied to a central power of imperial wealth under the control of the leading financiers.

People without homes will not quarrel with their leaders. History repeats itself in regular cycles.
This truth is well known among our principal men who are engaged in forming an imperialism of the world. While they are doing this, the people must be kept in a state of political antagonism.

The question of tariff reform must be urged through the organization known as the Democratic Party, and the question of protection with the reciprocity must be forced to view through the Republican Party.

By thus dividing voters, we can get them to expend their energies in fighting over questions of no importance to us, except as teachers to the common herd. Thus, by discrete actions, we can secure all that has been so generously planned and successfully
accomplished.
The following information is from:  http://circleof13.blogspot.com/2008/11/bankers-manifesto-of-1892.html
From The Politics of Common Sense
The above was taken from the "Banker's Manifesto", for the private circulation among leading bankers only, taken from the "Civil Servants' Year Book, "The Organizer" of January, 1934. The Banker's Manifesto ties in with U.S. Senate Document No. 43, 73rd Congress, 1st Session (1934), to wit:  
"The ultimate ownership of all property is in the State; individual so-called "ownership" is only by virtue of Government, i.e., law, amounting to mere "user" and use must be in acceptance with law and subordinate to the necessities of the State."
The following is quoted from John Prukop of the Coalition of a Constitutional Washington:

The "plan" is to control all resources, human and natural. The control is not by elected public officials, but by a self-appointed oligarchy. This is born out by reading the details of Article 21 and 39 of the "Convention On Biological Diversity." This treaty declares there are no reservation of rights. Article 21 mandates that three international organizations, the UNEP, UNDP and the World Bank, will direct and control "the policy, strategy, programme priorities and eligibility criteria relating to access to and utilization of resources" in each member country.


The Bankers' Manifesto of 1934

Capital must protect itself in every way, through combination and through legislation. Debts must be collected and loans and mortgages foreclosed as soon as possible. When through a process of law, the common people have lost their homes, they will be more tractable and more easily governed by the strong arm of the law applied by the central power of wealth, under control of leading financiers. People without homes will not quarrel with their leaders. This is well known among our principle men now engaged in forming an IMPERIALISM of capital to govern the world. By dividing the people we can get them to expend their energies in fighting over questions of no importance to us except as teachers of the common herd. Thus by discrete action we can secure for ourselves what has been generally planned and successfully accomplished.

 Note: Remember by 1934 The Carnegie Foundation (and others), had already established a firm hold on the educational system and subsequent agenda for the implementation of NWO.
The Insurrection of the workers of Iniquity
...TODAYS POWER GRAB 
IT IS NOT BY CHANCE that millions of Americans have lost their homes during the tenure of the current President of the United States. There is a great power grab under way, and a people without personal savings or homes are more easily controlled. It is also not by chance that the same banks that the Pujo Commission http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars%C3%A8ne_Pujo sought to limit in their power, are today the major beneficiaries of the current financial crisis.


JP Morgan Chase received the assets of Lehman Brothers in a deal brokered by the government and the Federal Reserve. Washington Mutual, AIG, and Wachovia Bank are also being consolidated into an ever smaller number of super banks that are all controlled by a cabal of bankers, the same cabal that control the Federal Reserve.

TWO UNHOLY WITNESSES AND 1913

1913 was a pivotal year for the banking elite. The number 13 is a number revered by occultists, and is featured prominently in the formation of America whose Masonic founders incorporated this number extensively in the nation's symbols. It was by design that 1913 should be the year that both the IRS and the Federal Reserve came into existence, establishing the control of the moneyed elite over the nation.

Woodrow Wilson was the President who signed the Federal Reserve act into law. In later years he lamented his decision.

I am a most unhappy man. I have unwittingly ruined my country. A great industrial nation is controlled by its system of credit. Our system of credit is concentrated. The growth of the nation, therefore, and all our activities are in the hands of a few men. We have come to be one of the worst ruled, one of the most completely controlled and dominated governments in the civilized world. No longer a government by free opinion, no longer a government by conviction and the vote of the majority, but a government by the opinion and duress of a small group of dominant men.
[Source: Woodrow Wilson]

Just before passage of the Federal Reserve Act, Congressman Charles A. Lindbergh Sr. declared:
This Act (the Federal Reserve Act, Dec. 23rd 1913) establishes the most gigantic trust on earth. When the President signs the Bill, the invisible government of the Monetary Power will be legalized... The worst legislative crime of the ages is perpetrated by this banking and currency Bill...

This is an excerpt from a book written in the 1990’s…….

Heart of an Evil Empire

The Internationals, having successfully completed their takeover of the American currency, need to fund this fraudulent and unconstitutional system.  The Federal Reserve Act called for the funding of the “reserves” in the amount of one billion dollars.

The newly appointed handpicked board of the “Fed”, were all handpicked by “Colonel” House, who was the new government in-house watchdog, working directly for the bankers.  House’s job was to control the Congress and President Wilson.

House picked who else but some of the same conspirators from Jekyll Island; Paul Warburg who left his $500,000 per year job as a Kuhn Loeb partner to take a $12,000 per year job with the Federal Reserve Board (What a guy) and the chairman of the Fed, who was, none other than, Benjamin Strong, of the J.P. Morgan interests.  As it turned out, the man responsible for the destabilization of the currency, to start with, now was in control of the currency.  The International bankers were in a position of power that Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Jackson had warned us of.  They were the central bank for the United States of America.

It was obvious to these civic-minded low-life’s that as the American economy grew, so too would their required investment.  They wanted none of that.  After all this was a big world and there were wars to finance, natural resources to exploit, and whole countries that required their special brand of attention.

However, thanks to Jekyll Island, plans were already underway to make the American citizen pay the freight and heap the profits into their darkened vaults.  INVOLVE AMERICA IN A WAR!!!     

A condition precedent to establishing an income tax on the American worker was to create a demand for large amounts of money, (involvement in a war) then secure an amendment to the ever irritating U.S. Constitution.  As the founders of this country prohibited any form of individual income tax being assessed upon its citizens, this task would not be easy.

But with a little smoke and mirrors, pay off a few of their new converts in the Congress, along with the president, and they felt confident they would prevail.  Colonel House was given his instruction as to who must be strong armed, paid off, watched, and to make sure that it happened.

Jekyll Island accomplished for more than producing a plan for the stabilization of the currency and the creation of a central bank.  If the amendment was not ratified, then the Secretary of State was to proclaim to the House that it had been.  Colonel House was to take charge and arrange with the Secretary of State, Philander Knox, President Woodrow Wilson, and Senator Aldrich to quickly announce the 16th amendment as having been ratified, then hide the real results from the world.  This amendment was necessary if the Central Bank was to be adequately funded and not require their capital.

Therefore, when the Federal Reserve System was put in place, the necessary constitutional amendments would already be law with legal support to fund the currency system, by imposing a tax on the wages of the American people, if ever needed.  The taxing amendment was sold to the American people as a tool to tax the wealthy and would have no effect on the average citizen.  This arrangement was quite acceptable to most of the populations.

The ultra wealthy, however, knew of the amendments’ coming, and placed their entire fortunes into trusts, foundations and endowments which were to forever remain tax exempt.  The wording was of paramount importance.  If the language were to clearly say what it meant and clearly express its intent to tax the citizens on their income, it had no chance of passage.  The language must be so ambiguous that an effective argument could be made either way, in describing its intent or ultimate effect.  The interpretations of law could wait until it became necessary to implement the tax and, by that time, they would have the necessary political muscle and judiciary support to achieve any interpretation they wanted.

By reviewing certified copies of the voting records of the states on the 16th amendment and then comparing what the Secretary of State proclaimed to the Congress, it was apparent to this author, and any reasonable man or woman, that the greatest lie and fraud of human history had been perpetrated upon the Congress and the entire nation.  The 16th amendment was never ratified.  It was, and is, a fraud.  Any constitutional amendment, leaving Washing to the states for ratification, has a letter of instruction attached.  This letter from the Secretary of State clearly instructs the legislative bodies, to vote yes or no, on the proposed amendment.  The letter of instruction emphatically stated that no revisions were permitted, not a comma, capitol letter, or word change.

Immense pressure had been placed upon all of the legislators by this special interest group of bankers.  If they were ever to see any campaign support in the future, their support was required to pass this amendment.  The legislatures of the states containing politically astute men realized that they must vote for the amendment.  But their honor dictated that they must change the structure so that a yes vote would be meaningless if passed, as a change having been made to the amendment, would therefore make it a nullity.

This is the position taken by all 36 states who allegedly voted for ratification.  No one of the states returned the amendment without modification, and many having not ratified, were said, by the Secretary, to have ratified,  So, on the 25th day of February, 1913, the sixty-first Congress added to our constitutional body of law the 16th amendment.

This is the first fraud.  There were to be many more in the years to come.  Fraud is a felony and there is no statute of limitations on ongoing fraud.  Each time you will out a 1040 form for the I.R.S., you are innocently compounding a felony.  Under our system of law, an individual to be charged and found guilty of a crime must have two elements established and proven by the prosecution.  First, there must be the element of intent; Then MENS REA or intent to violate the law.  And the element called ACTUS REAS, the willful act of performing the criminal act.

Obviously, you the average person are not guilty of these elements.  The conspirators, of course were, as are the present day pack of Jackals.  They are equally guilty of both elements of fraud, in that they perpetuate the fraud and know of its existence.

I have classified the principles in this book as traitors or stupid people.  All members of our government are obviously not traitors, but the ones who are not, qualify in spaces for the latter description.  This information that I offer to you is available to them.  As our public servants, it’s their duty to protect us from the traitors.

It really is pretty simple stuff.  If the law, whatever it may be, is not good for the average American, then vote it down.  Fraud, once proven, nullifies any contract or agreement.  There is no proof better than the proof of experience.  The first opportunity you get, read The Law that Never Was by Bill Benson and Red Beckman.  They have all the proof you will ever need, and both have fought mortal combat with the IRS criminals.  From the day of its creation, the Federal Reserve Bank has not had an audit.  Many times, resolutions have been introduced on the floor of the House of Representative, but never approved.  Wouldn’t you love to see where all of those trillions of your dollars have gone over the past 60 years?  I would bet the fillings in my teeth, taken out without Novocain, you can track every war, famine, revolt, economic collapse, and major drug buy, to the day, if we could see their books.  That will never be permitted.

Today the corruption is so rampant there are but a tiny handful of those on Capitol Hill who are not owned lock stock and barrel by special interest lobbyists or the Federal Reserve Cabal. http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=EMMppBhOLXA

Not only are our so called elected leaders owned by the money masters and held hostage by the purse strings to their re-elections, they are members of the very illegal, unconstitutional bodies which ensure the demise of the nation ie; Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), Trilateral Commission and Bilderbergers, just to name a few. They all have secret Vatican accounts containing what would be to the average American, massive amounts of money stolen and or created as a result of theft from the American people. Should any of them suddenly experience a “Come to Jesus” moment and feel and overwhelming need to serve the people, they will be exposed and or quite literally “sacrificed”.

We see the people awakening all over this beleaguered nation but sadly most who are standing just don’t get it. They think all they have to do is vote the impostor in the White House out and put in a different one or switch parties. What they cannot see is the fact that ALL ARE IMPOSTORS and both parties are an integral part of the same corruption and that corruption seethes in the belly of the beast, The Federal Reserve Banking System.

It all started with the “BANKERS MANIFESTO OF 1892” where the plan was clearly laid out, implemented and pushed forward to the day when a United States President became bought and paid for by trickery, manipulation and a master stroking of his inflated ego. Many will say today Barack Obama is the worst president this nation has ever had. Clearly that is not the case because he is nothing more than a willing puppet for the same masters who bought the highest office in the federal government when they purchased Woodrow Wilson and have owned outright, every president since who was allowed to serve out their terms while breathing.

This is the truth the people on the street need to hear. Truth is the only tool We the People need to identify, remove and prosecute those guilty of crimes against the nation and her people.


YOU ARE THE ANSWER!

TLGA











Tuesday, November 15, 2011

HOW TO BRING DOWN AMERICA



The truth of how deep an integral part our educational system plays in a global take over under the control of a self appointed elite group is exposed in a documentary interview entitled “The Secret History of Western Education” with Charlotte Thomas Iserbyt….

In 1910 the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Board of trustees met and according to the minutes of that meeting, asked themselves this question “Is there any way known to man more effective than war to so alter the life of an entire people?” For the next year they explored other ways but ended up deciding the most effective way was indeed war.

During WWI the trustees sent a confidential message to president Wilson insisting the war not be ended too quickly. After the war the Carnegie bunch decided if they could get control of education in the United States they would be able to prohibit the return to the way of life as it had been prior to the war. They recruited the Rockefeller Foundation and others to assist in this monumental task. Today most of the large tax free foundations are a part of this hidden plan.

These twisted socialists wrote; “Education should aim at destroying free will so that pupils thus schooled will be incapable throughout the rest of their lives of thinking or asking questions other than those the schoolmasters would wish.”

“Influences of the home are obstructive. In order to influence students verses set to music and repeated are very effective. It is for future scientists to discover exactly how much it costs per head to make children believe that snow is black. When the technique has been perfected every government that has been in charge of education for more than one generation will be able to control its subjects securely without the need of armies or police.”

Between 1970 and 2000 – Educators were indoctrinated using “Innovations in Education – How to become a change agent”. Aimed at teaching teachers and administrators how to sneak in controversial curriculum such as death ed, sex ed, bullying ed, alcohol and drug ed, all programs having nothing to do with education but everything to do with promoting desired behavior. To make children engage in sex, drink, do drugs etc. and to recognize resistors who might get in the way of making the parents believe these programs were designed to help the children. They were taught to go to community leaders and convince them how important the programs were to re-teach values and these people were highly trained. This was all done to pave the way for new communist values for collectivism and one world government.

The schools are geared to change the education system from an academic classical educational system to brainwashing for the international socialist government which we see taking over our country today. Before the federal takeover of our public schools the educational goals were to instill in students basic skills in reading, writing, and arithmetic and a strong sense of morals and values.

Now there are no decent values taught in school, instead they are taught not to object no matter what others do. It’s ok if you are in a situation where you need something and can’t pay for it you should be able to just take it and feel fully self justified in doing so etc. They call that value clarification. Now they are using work force training by identifying children at a very early age and training them for what the system will decide they will do for a living in the future; a repeat of the Soviet Planned Economic system. They are implementing this now using school choice, charter schools and performance based outcome utilizing Pavlov’s theories adapted to the use of computers. Computers were introduced and are being used to destroy free will. Children are very malleable in this manner and easy to control by using a combination of entertainment and indoctrination until the subconscious accepts and the conscious thought is in line with the goal set forth in the software.
This is used to totally destroy the conscience and any concept of right and wrong or what is acceptable decent behavior in society. This is all being done with the basic concept of operant conditioning dog training, brain washing conditioning computers and workforce training for the globalist economy. The corporate fascist, socialist communist government that is as we speak operating Washington D.C., State governments and right down to most communities is far advanced and very nearly complete.
Charlotte Iserbyt wrote a 39 page book Back to Basics Reform or Skinnerian International Curriculum to expose the agenda with a subtext on the front;
“Necessary for United States participation in a one world government scheduled for the early years of the twenty first century”. When the neo-con foundations, like Heritage Foundation etc. found out about it they boycotted the book. A book which told Americans exactly what was going on, what they were doing to our children and what they planned for the future of our country.  This is the end of freedom in every possible direction and avenue by brain washing the people into compliance. Ronald Reagan instead of abolishing the Department of Education signed an agreement with the Soviets to merge the two education systems.
It’s all founded on performance based education which is about what you can do not what you can intellectually reason or create but what you can do to benefit the whole system of global economy. This all started with the 8 year study done by the Carnegie group in the late 30’s and 40’s. They created the “National Assessment” for the purpose of declaring the constitution outmoded and ushering in global communism.  The beginning of the planned economy to finish this plan started with Reagan and has been accelerated ever since. This calls for all people to be mandatory servants.

Some excerpts from that boycotted book:

(Note: Bush’s No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) holds public schools accountable for a child’s acquisition of attitude, value, and behavior outcomes that are nestled in state standards and integrated with academic curriculum! NCLB also demands accountability for having highly qualified educators—of which national certification is based in part on an educator’s ability to collect and assess a child’s personal information, use behavior psychology-based practices on kids, and more.)

Does the public know that experimentation—especially in low income, high minority areas—is taking place? Is it any surprise that kids from Mastery Learning/Direction Instruction sites have difficulty reading and writing after 12 years of federally controlled experimental schooling? Proof of such lab rat experimentation responsible for declining test scores follows: an admission made by Brian Rowan who was involved with William Spady in the infamous 1984 Utah Outcomes-based Education grant which called for "putting Outcomes-based Education (OBE) in all school of the nation."

Rowan, in a federally-funded paper titled "Shamanistic Rituals in Effective Schools", 1984, said in regard to Effective Schools (which calls for ML/DI): "The ritual is particularly suited to application in urban or low performing school systems where successful instructional outcomes among disadvantaged students are highly uncertain but where mobilized public’s demand immediate demonstrations of success. The uncertainties faced by practitioners in this situation can easily be alleviated by what scholars have begun to call 'curriculum alignment.' [teach to the test—Ed.] "Student variability in performance can be reduced, and relative performance increased, not by changing instructional objectives or practices, but simply by changing tests and testing procedures."

“This book deals with the social engineers’ continuing efforts, paid for with international, federal, state, and tax-exempt foundation funding, to manipulate and control Americans from birth to death using the educational system as the primary vehicle for bringing about planned social, political, and economic change. (The major change in our economic system will be the determination by industry and government of who will be selected to perform the necessary tasks in our society—quotas for engineers, doctors, service workers, etc., to bring about the socialist concept of full employment.)”

Most have not read the Obama health care bill but I have read a good deal of it and I can assure you it does contain language outlining how all doctors and other health care professionals will be limited to a certain pay scale and prohibited from going beyond it. In other words it will no longer be a financial incentive for a doctor to specialize in brain surgery and fork over the massive amount of educational expense to reach that goal because he will be prohibited from earning any more than those general practitioners with basic medical education and much lower educational expenses.
There was an elementary Social Studies program called Man: A Course of Study (MACOS). In the Congressional Record, April 9, 1975, page H2585, Arizona Congressman John Conlan said this about MACOS: “ The course was designed by a team of experimental psychologists under Jerome S. Bruner and B.F. Skinner to mold children’s social attitudes and beliefs along lines that set them apart and alienate them from the beliefs and moral values of their parents and local community.”

This course was based on studying the lifestyle of an obscure Eskimo tribe. Parents were outraged that fifth graders were required to read stories which promoted infanticide, cannibalism, incest and senilicide, the shoving of aged relatives out on the ice to die alone… this was to promote anti life, sub human values changing behavior modification techniques. This is being done by computerizing the classroom so that parents cannot review the text which is being used to brain wash their children or expose the change agents for who and what they really are.
What types of materials are being used to train the teachers to indoctrinate and control the students?
HOW TO TEACH ANIMALS by Skinner, HOW TO TEACH ANIMALS: A RAT, A PIGEON, A DOG, by Kathleen and Shauna Reid,

In the National Diffusion Network (NDN) programs that use Skinnerian operant conditioning on children, twenty-five or more of which are the highly controversial Follow Through programs for economically disadvantaged kindergarten through third grade students, the social engineers always experiment on the helpless and disadvantaged, using them as guinea pigs with pre and post testing, before they target “all” our children for “treatment.”

This is all in line with Agenda 21. This is a 40 chapter document which outlines how they will basically control the world. It is based entirely on Socialist control mechanisms. This is a design of global objectives to include; an end to National Sovereignty, The abolition of private property of all types, The restructure of the family unit, and increasing limitations and restrictions on mobility and individual opportunities. This is all couched and disguised as the “Green Movement” and under that it describes what’s not sustainable for the 21st century. Among those things are:

Private property, fossil fuels,(which by the way it turns out are not fossil fuels but we will address that another time), golf courses and ski lodges, consumerism, irrigation, paved roads, commercial agriculture, herbicides, pesticides (except for those being dropped on us from the sky in the chem. Trails of course), farmland, pastures, grazing of livestock, and the family unit. This Agenda calls for a total abandonment of unalienable rights as described in our founding documents and endowed by our creator. Naturally they have also identified Religion as one of the items which is unsustainable for the 21st century.

The question which comes to mind first is how could this outrageous plan ever be implemented let alone sustained and the answer is; “You steal a generation of children and you indoctrinate them so that they accept these ideas to become global citizens in the coming global village”, at a much lower standard of living than we in America have ever experienced.

UNESCO DECLARED THE YEARS 2005 to 2015 AS THE DECADE OF EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT…THIS HAS BECOME YOUR FEDERAL NATIONAL CIRRICULUM!
This educational effort will encourage changes in behavior that will create a more sustainable future in terms of environmental integrity, economic viability, and a just society for present and future generations (ever wonder where this whacked out concept of so called “social justice” came from or the idea that housing, health care, jobs, groceries or even education are rights instead of privileges or something we have the RIGHT TO PURSUE?)

The entire purpose of second grade social studies is to transfer loyalty from the family to the government. The truth which keeps men free is being suppressed in order to prop up the attitude training and work force agenda which our educational system is now built on. The publication “Education for Sustainable Development” tells us so.

It reads; generally, more highly educated people, who have higher incomes, consume more resources than poorly educated people, who tend to have lower incomes. In this case, more education increases the threat to sustainability”

Everything coming out of Washington is Marxists brainwashing for the world of the future. She was fired for leaking documents in an effort to do something about it.
Robert Welch publicly announced this plan in 1958.. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EtOKOEX5JAI

Information gathering about families is being done in the first grade. Our children are indeed being transformed into an army of servile brain washed minions unable to think, reason or object but simply regurgitate whatever they are being told and what they are being told is not being told by us their parents and grandparents. We are now identified as the enemy to the globalist ant colony which has been under construction since 1910.
DO NOT TAKE MY WORD FOR ANY OF THIS… DO YOUR HOME WORK…AND THEN DO SOMETHING ABOUT IT!

The Secret History of Western Education http://www.youtube.com/watch...

The Deliberate Dumbing Down of America http://www.deliberatedumbingdown.com/

American Deception … http://americandeception.com/

Lines of Credit Ropes of Bondage – The story of the financiers their fellow co-conspirators and the plot to destroy western Christian civilization http://www.biblebelievers.org.au/lines.htm

On You Tube http://www.youtube.com/watch...

Ronald Reagan “The Truth of the Rest of Him” http://americandeception.com/index.php...

Agreement between U.S. and U.S.S.R. on merging educational systems.. http://americandeception.com/index.php...

An excellent article on “THE CRADLE TO GRAVE” agenda of the education system… http://americandeception.com/index.php...

President George H.W. Bush on the restructuring of American academics based education to the failed Soviet polytech system (2006 work force training system).
http://americandeception.com/index.php...

Agenda 21 For Dummies http://www.youtube.com/watch...

How your community is implementing Agenda 21
http://www.youtube.com/watch...

YOU ARE THE ANSWER!

TLGA